![]() For a global temperature increase limited to 2☌ above the pre-industrial level, the suitable areas over the traditional regions are reduced by about 4%/☌ rise, while for higher levels of global warming, the rate of this loss increases up to 17%/☌. The results demonstrate that the level of global warming largely determines the distribution of future wine regions. The resulting suitability indicator is based on fuzzy logic and is calculated over three main components measuring (i) the timing of the fruit physiological maturity, (ii) the risk of water stress and (iii) the risk of pests and diseases. Our approach consists in coupling six different de-biased downscaled climate projections under two different scenarios of global warming with four phenological models for different grapevine varieties. Here, we analyse the future evolution of the geography of wine production over Europe, through the definition of a novel climatic suitability indicator, which is calculated over the projected grapevine phenological phases to account for their possible contractions under global warming. While new wine regions may emerge out of the traditional boundaries, most of the present-day renowned winemaking regions may be threatened by climate change. The red wines of Bordeaux, Burgundy, the Rhone Valley love living here too, notably including Merlot, Malbec and Syrah.Evaluating the potential climatic suitability for premium wine production is crucial for adaptation planning in Europe. White wines range from classic central European grapes like Chardonnay and Viognier to aromatic Gewürztraminer and Pinot Gris, and newer varieties like Arneis and Albariño. These balance the available nutrients to the plants so that the vines very seldom descend into a state of stress which leads to unbalanced fruit composition needing correction.įew regions in New Zealand compete with the sheer diversity of varieties produced in Gisborne: The young soils with high moisture holding content are based on silken clays and fine silt loams and have the ability to amass very high levels of microbial activity. ![]() It is our unique soil types and climate which take this resource and uses it to its best advantage. Our region receives only approximately 980mm of rainfall a year. The vast majority of the meaningful Gisborne vineyards are not irrigated, nor do these vineyards use overhead sprinklers for frost control. One of the key strengths of the Gisborne Wine Growing region is that with kind spring rainfalls and a long dry summer, in combination with our soils, allows dry farming of a wide range of grape varieties. Historically recognised as one of the ‘fruit-bowls’ of New Zealand, the region’s golden climate creates an abundance of other produce – citrus, stone- and kiwifruit, avocados and a wide variety of vegetables including tomatoes, sweet corn, squash and leafy greens of every type. Fine clay and silt loam soils create full flavoured aromatic wines with a haunting marine note, thanks to the nearby ocean. These breezes preserve natural acidity and tropical fruit flavours. ![]() Sheltered by hills and mountain ranges to the North and North West, Gisborne’s warm dry climate is moderated by the nearby ocean, with the cooling afternoon sea breezes, typical of many of the world’s great wine growing regions. ![]() Out here on the most easterly tip of New Zealand’s North Island, our region revels in a classic Pacific maritime climate.
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